Computing-machine.



S. IYESAKA.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPHCATION FILED MAY 25. 1915.

Patented Dec. 31,1918.

6 SHEETSSHEET I.

WIT/V588 8: W

: l/i/VE/VTOR ATTORNEY IYESAK'FL.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

kPPUCATION FILED muzs, I915.

1 ,289,7%7 Patented Deb. 31, 1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

// INVENTOR.

- 672 14.025] e SCb/(Q 711:3 ATTOI'QNEY.

S. IYESAKA. COMPUTING MACHINIE. APPLICATION 'FILED MAY25. 1915.

1,289,787. v Patented Dec. 31,1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' WITNESSES: fli/VTOR MYW By 7ZW%- j A TTORNE Y S. IYESAKA.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25'. 1915.

Patented Dec. 31,1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4- By Z7 WITNESSES A TTORNE V S. IYESAKA.

COMPUTING. MACHINE. MPLICATION FILED MAY25. I9I5.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

a 'SHEETSSHEET 5.-

llhll] ATTORNEY S- IYESAKA- COMPUTING MACHINE.

AP'PLICATION FILED MAY 25, 191:,

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

,6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

WITNESSES.

A TTOIRAIEV in the county of .chines 31nd has provide an electrically operated machine for srronm msm, or sm'r'rm, wnsnmcrron.

COMPUTING-MACHINE.

1,239,737., sm ma of team went. Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

Application filed May 25, 1915. Serial Il'o. 30,276.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SHO'HEI IYESAKA, a citizen of Japan, and a resident of Seattle,

King and State of Washington,,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Computing-Machines, of which the following is a full, true, and exact specification.

My invention relates to computing mafor its principal objects; to

adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing. The more important features of my machine are magnetically operated finger keys, electrical carrying and electrically op erated clearing mechanism.

Other objects will appear as my invention 'is more fully explained in the following specification, illustrated in theaccompanying drawing and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of my device with the-circuitsand'duplicate parts omitted. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective v view of the main stationary shaft. Fig. 2

is an'enlarged detail perspective section of the same to illustrate several of the cam lugs. Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of a disk and attached parts with parts broken away. Fig. iis a part central section of Fig. 3.. Fig. 5 is a similar view of another disk. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a switch mechanism formultiplication and division. Fig. 7 is a wiringdiagram for addition and subtraction. Fig.8 is a similar diagram for multiplying and division. -Fig. 9 is a simi lar diagram for clearing the machine. Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary view'of a circuit breaker in the clearing mechanism. Fig. 11 is a detail perspective view of the operating mechanism, illustrating part of the main circuits.

The computing machine of the present in! vention, includesfour main parts, the computing cylinders and the means for manually operating them; the carrying' on means,

' whereby in addition' or subtraction, the

transfer is automatically carried out from one cylinder to the other; the clearing means, whereby all cylinders are returned to normal or zero positions, following a computing operation; and the means for carrying out the multiplying 0r dividing operation.

The following description will be gen- 'erally confined to a similar line of. division.

The cmnputing cylinders and means for manually operating The computing'cylinders are of identical construction, being here shown as a unit cylinder, A, a tens cylinder B, a. hundred cylinis visible.

Each disk-is composed of wheels 4 and 5,

the former being of less diameter than the latter and the wheels being arranged sideby-side. All wheels 4 of a cylinder are fixed upon a sleeWe 6, which latter extends throughout the series of cylinders, and is mounted for rotation upon a shaft 1, fixed in any appropriate manner upon a base 2. The sleeve is held in spaced relation about the shaft by bushings 7, and is continuously driven in either direction, at the will of the user, (one direction for addition and the opposite for subtraction), by a motor 8, through suitable gearing.

Each wheel 5 has an annular series of curved bars 10 pivoted thereto at 9, the free ends of the bars interlitting, and springs 11 being arranged to hold the bars in their outermost or normal positions. The curved bars are arranged to. present a circular row beyond and concentric of the adjacent wheel 4, and each bar 10 has a magnetic shoe 12, adapted when forced to engage the rim of the wheel 4, which rim may or may not be magnetized, to form a magnetic clutch between the wheel 5 and wheel 4 to cause the wheels 5 of the particular cylinder to revolve withwheel 4. Therefore any wheel 5 may be clutched to the adjacent wheel a to cause a revolution of all wheels 5 of the particular cylinder.

Eaclrwheelfl of a cylinder is governed so as torelease the magnetic clutch at a predetermined point, and as the release point of or ele.-trical operation. 7 These keys are arthose already ranged one for each disk of the cylinder, and are here indicated as K-.]. to K-9. The keys are identical, having their stems connected, rearwardly of their pivotal supports, to bell-crank levers 40,- pivotally mounted on. the extension 41. The bellcrank levers are connected to pull-rods 42, carrying pivoted dogs 44, the dogs interlocking with rocks 45 on pistons 43, slidably supported in the housing 3. The pistons are held in normal positions by springs 46, and a trip 47 is arranged in the path of movement of the dog 44 to release the piston after the spring 46 has been compressed. The inner end of the piston 43 underlies a hammer 18, mounted on the housing, and serving, under the blow of the piston to engage an adjacent curvedbar 1O and force the same toward the rim of wheel 4, to complete the magnetic clutch heretofore noted. Each key controls the magnetic clutch of its own disk, as will be evident, and if means are provided whereby each. particular diskmay be automatically released following its 'step-by-step movement in accordance with the location of that disk in the series of disks in the cylinder, a particular key will be caused to rotate the cylinder to expose a number through the housing-openin in accordance With that disk. For examp e if the sixth disk of the cylinder series (as villustrated in Fig. 3) is'automatically released following itssixth step-by-step movement, the movement of the cylinder if this disk is the driving disk will add six numerals to exposed. Therefore the cylinder may be moved any numeral-indicating distance in accordance with the driving disk selected.

The automatic release means for the disks are identical for all cylinders.

Each-wheel ,4 is provided with ten plungers 13, arranged radially thereof, the inner ends of such plungers projecting through the sleeve 6 and overlying the shaft 7; The outer ends of the plungers have heads 15. seating in recesses 14, in the rim of the wheel 4,;and each plunger is held in retracted position by a spring 16. There is thus'one plunger 13 for each magnetic shoe l2, operative to force said shoe from therim of wheel 4 and break the magnetic clutch. Arranged on the shaft 1 are lugs arranged in two series 17 and 17, the former the numbers applied to answer for use in the addition movement of the cylinders and the latter for subtraction movement of such cylinders. The lugs 17 are disposed in a spiral row about the shaft 1, each located a particular plunger distance from the hammer 18 of the particular wheel 4. That is to say, the lug 17 for the first plunger wheel will be located one plunger to the left of the hammer controlling the magnetic shoes of that disk, the second lug 17 two plungers to the leftof the hammer 4 for the second disk, and so on. Therefore if the first disk is magnetically clutched it will only move one step before the lug 17 will engage or be engaged by the plunger to break the magnetic clutch, and stop the cylinder. Therefore the selected key operated will govern the number of step-by-stcp movements the' cylinder will make before stopping, and hence said cylinder may be moved any desired numerals.

The lugs 17 control movement of the disks in one direction and the lugs 17* control the movement in the opposite direction. These lugs are therefore opposed, and they are preferably pivotally mounted in recesses in the shaft 1, as shown in Fig.3, so that the set not in use will be tilted out of the way by the moving plungers Without affecting said plungers.

operating means, it is deemed advisable to here describe the means for preventing overrunning of the cylinders, that is holding them in proper numeral displaying position. The wheel 5 of the final or ninth disk of each cylinder, which wheel 5 is preferably wider than the remaining wheels 5 of the cylinder, is provided with ten armature blocks 28, spaced thereon in accordance with the spacing of the numerals on the cylinder. A magnet 29 is arranged on each housing to be engaged by each block 28. The magnet 29 is in a circuit 31 having a source of energy 30, and having a switch-break controlled by the dog.44 of the key mechanism. When the key is operated, the holding circuit is. broken and the cylinder free ,to move, while with the key in normal or-inoperative' position, the magnet 29 acts as a retarder to the cylinder, and upon release of-the magnetic. clutch will hold the cylinder in proper numeral-exposing position.

The caWying-on meams.

The computing numerals are from 0 to 9 on each cylinder, so that in any computation the units-cylinder, in addition for example, in excess of nine in total must be automatically carried on or presented on the next cylinder;

For the carrying-on opera-tion, each cylinder .is' identically constructed, being provided with means to cause the next successive cylinder to be automatically operated when necessary. Of course as the computing numerals are added by a step-by-step movement, the carrying on to the next cylinder will be by singledigits, and hence only the first, or single movement disk of each cylinder will have to be automatically actuated.

The housing of each cylinder above each wheel 5 is provided with a circuit closer in the form of spaced spring strips. As the carrying-on is identical, except as to direction in both addition and subtraction, and

" multiplicationand division, the wheels 5 are closers, one 19 arranged to cooperate with two circuit 20 'for subtraction. The wheels 5 are provided with radially projecting circuit closing plugs, one set 19 for addition and to engage circuit closers 19, and the other 20 for subtraction to engage circuit closers 20. The circuit closers are spring strips depending into the path of movement of the plugs,

the strip first to be engaged-in the operative movement of the plug being of greater length than the other, so that the circuit is closed at this point in operative movement of the plug in the'proper direction, but not closed in the movement of the plug in the opposite direction. 1 I p The plugs 19 and 20 are arranged on the particular wheels 5 with relation to the possible numeral-setting movement of that wheel. For example the plug 19 for the first or A1 disk will be 1n line with the plugs of that disk opposite or in registry with the computing numeral 0, continuing in similar relation to ninth disk, but increasing in direct proportion as the increased stepby-step movement possible of such disks, that is two such plugs for the second disk and so on. The plugs 20 are directly reversed, there being onefor the ninth disk, two for the eighth, and so on. The plug 20 for the ninth disk is of course opposite or in registry with the computing numeral 9.

The circuit closers 19 control circuit 19 which include electro-magnets of the keys operating the first disk of the next cylinder in advance, such electro-magnets being here indicated as 21A, 21-B, 21-C, etc. These electro-magnets when energized op erate the particular key, and so operate disk one of the particular cylinder to carry-on the number to such advance cylinder. The

circuits 19 and 20", in addition to being broken at the particular circuit closers 19 and 20 are also broken at the key for each disk, a switch 48, being here included, normally open, and closed momentarily when the key is operated. (See Fig. 3.) Thus,

for addition and the other ders will continue as From the above it will be understood, that if'the first cylinder indicates 9, and oneis to be added, the depression of the key for the first disk of said cylinder closes the carry-on circuit at 48, and the plug 19 of said first disk closes the circuit closer 19 of such disk. The key of the first disk of the second cylinder is operated, and the numeral 1 exposed thereon, while the disk of the first cylinder has moved such cylinder one step, or to indicate the 0.

The arrangements of the carry-on circuits is shown in Fig. 7. The plugs 19 and 20, the circuit-closers 19 and 20 and the circuits 19 and 20 are here shown as common. All circuits have a common circuit wire 50 and source of energy 51. The switches 18 of one cylinder have acommon wire 52 on one side, which leads to the electro-magnet 21 to the next advance cylinder, the other side of each electro-magnet having a lead 53' to a common circuit wire 54.

s The cleaning mechanism.

ders to 0 indication. On each ninth or final disk of each cylinder is a row of plugs 22, one being opposite each plunger of such disk except the 0 plunger. These plugs operate circuit closers 23 and circuits 24, circuits including the electroqnagnets 21. The said circuits are in a common circuit 25, having a source of energy 26 and controlled by a switch 27. When clearing is desired, the switch 27, is closed, and the closing of the circuit on the cylinders will operate the magnets 21 thereof to advance said cylinders. The movement of the cylinlong as new plugs 22 are positioned v to close the said circuits. This will continue until each cylinder reaches 0 position. As there is no plug 22 at this position the circuit remains broken and the cylinder remains at rest. The movement will continue automatically until all cylinders are in 0 position, or cleared.

The multiplication and division mechanism.

Multiplication or division is simply addition or subtraction carried out an indicated number of times, as 3x3 is simply 3 added 3 times. If therefore, as is provided in the present machine, means may be provided for carrying out, automatically, the indicated number of additions (or subtractions) the process of multiplication (or division) may be readily accomplished.

For this purpose each key in addition to the 'key of the first disk of each cylinder, is provided with an operatin magnet, here indicated as 32 to 39 for eac set of keys. the magnets of the keys of each cylinder being distinguished from the magnets of the kevs of the other e linders by the addition of the letter of sue cylinder.

its

the said 9 of the same denomination. T

I Ewampleof addition.

The magnets. 32A to 39T inclusive, are

used only in multiplication, and division, to

operate their respective keys. In addition to the elements and mechanism already described, there is necessary for multiplication and division a switch cylinder M, which is mounted upon a shaft 56, with which it revolves only when thrown into engagement by a clutch 57 and hand lever 58. The switch cylinder M is driven by gears 59 and 60 from the sleeve 6, at a speed of one ninth the speed of cylinders A, B, etc. The switch cylinder M is divided into the same number of divisions a, b, 0,-z', inders A, B, C,-T. The divisions a to 2' each haveswitch. closing plates 61 varying in number from one for a to nine for c, all of which are equallyspaced so far as they. go around the periphery of cylinder M. There are nine switches 62-a, 62bto 62 i which are arranged in line with divisio11s.a,-b, c, etc., and are adapted to be closed by the plates 61 as the cylinder M revolves. Switches 62-0: to 62e' are connected in circuits with a common source 63 (Fig. 8) by a wire 6% and a Switch 65 which is closed when'the clutch 67 is thrown into engagement and to a set of plug P '1 P-2P9 respectively, by wires 66.

Plugs P have the usual flexible connections and are adapted to be inserted into plug holes H1, H2-H9. There may be several plugs P a d holes H from the same wire so as to facilitate their use for n one digit plugs P-1 to P-9 represent digits 1 to 9' respectively, and the holes H-1 to, H 9 represent places from unity to nine. The holes H1 to H9 are connected to one terminal of all of the switches l9 c and 20-"a on cylinders A to T respectively by wires 68 (shown only in Fig. 8).

From the other terminals, wire 69 leads to the various magnets 21A to 39T respectively, the switches on each disk being connected to the particular magnet beneath the key for operating that disk. Wires numbers which contain more 70a to 70T connect all of the wires 69 from each cylinder A. to T, respectively, to switch plug holes Q1 to Q9 respectively. Other wires 71, 72, etc.', to 79, connect the remaining terminals of the magnets 21-A to 21-T to a switch plug R T. The other magnets 32-A to 39'T are similarly connected by wires 72 to 79 respectively to plugs R2 to R.9.

The QI to Q9 holes have terminals Q Q-1 to Q9 respectively, which are ar ranged on a circular strip 80 (Figs. land 6).- A traveling switch 81 is mounted on an arm 82 which is attached to a shaft 83, which in turn is driven by gears 84 and as there are cyl-- meager 84a-, at one-ninth the speed of the switch cylinder M.. As the tra'velin switch revolves, it closes in turn all of t e terminals gl to g9 successively with a wire 85 which leads to source 63, thus completing the circuits.

It will be noted that the circuits just complcted have each five breaks or switches besides the switch 65. It is thus seen that many combinations of circuits are possible by use of the plug and hole switches and the traveling switch in addition to the Assume the following multiplication 364x843 which may be rewritten:

places of the product. A common rule is to add the.number of places in both multiplier and multiplica-nd and subtract one which in this example. will give five places or the 10.000 cylinder. This cylinder is represented by H5 hole, and as the first number is 3, the P3 plug should be inserted in the H5 hole. Dotted lines on Fig. 8 show the connections to be made. This connection establishes the 300,000 figure. Next and for similar reasons. insert the P-fi plug in the 1,000 place or H hole which establishes the 6,000 figure. Next insert plug TE -4; in the 100 place or H3 hole which establishes the Q00 figure. The numbers referred to are now set and the multipliersmav be arranged by placing the 8, 4: and 3 or R8, R4. and R-3 plugs in the third. second and first or Q33, ,Q2 and Q1 places or holes respectively.

We have now established the complete setting for making the multiplication of the first set numbers by the second ones set.-

. The first step is to determine the number of flowing through wires 66 flows through the plug and hole connections above and into the switches 19-41 and 2-a of the particular cylinders towhich connections are made, i. e., C, D and E. The plugs 20 only close the switches 20a and thus allow the current to flow on to Wires 69 and to the various magnets, and also to the holes Q-1, Q-2 and Q3 respectively, which are wired to the cylinders C, D and E respectively. The current now passes through the connections previously made to the other terminals of magnets which are connected to plugs R-8, R-4 and R-3. The traveling switch completes the connections and the circuits at Q3, Q-2, Q1 to the source 63. As the cylinder M makes one complete revolution, connections are made three times on the a division, six times on the f division and four times on the d division. 1

Through the plug and hole connections above and below, the K-8 keys of the C, D and E cylinders are magnetically operated four, six and three times respectively when the circuits are closed by the traveling switch when it is opposite the holeQ,3. Upon the next revolution of the cylinder M, the K4 keys of the B, C and D- cylinders are similarly operated a similar number of times when the circuits are closed'by the traveling switch when it is opposite hole Q-Q. Upon the third revolution ofthe cylinder M, the K3 keys of the A, B and C cylinders are similarly operated a similar number of times when the'traveling switch is at hole Q-l, thus completing the multiplication.

What I claim .as new and desire to-pro tect by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a computing machine, the combination of a plurality of manually and electrically operated digit cylinders, electrically operated carrying means, whereby digit carrying from one digit cylinder to the next higher digit cylinder is eflected,.means for normally holding any or all cylinders against movement, and electrically operated means for clearing or returning all cylinders to a zero position.

2. In a computing machine, the combination of a plurality of digit cylinders, each including a plurality of two part disks, power means for operating one part of each of the said disks in either direction, manually and electrically operated means for causing the other parts of the said disks to operate in conjunction with the first mentioncd part a predetermined part of a complete revolution, means upon the second mentioned parts of the disks for closing electrical circuits which furnish current to electrically operated means for causing the two parts of disks in other cylinders to operate in conjunction, whereby units carrying from one cylinder to the next is effected electrically operated means for holding the second mentioned parts of the disks of any cylinder against movement, except when operating in conjunction with the first mentioned parts of the disks, and electrically operated means for returning all cylinders to a zero position.

3. In a computing machine, the combination of a plurality of'digit cylinders, each including nine disks, each disk having a wheel which is secured to a common sleeve, the said sleeve being adapted to be driven in either direction from a source of power, a loose wheel for each disk. all loose wheels in a given cylinder being adapted to operate in unison, electrically controlled means for causingthe loose wheels of the disks to revolve as a unit with the fixed wheels, mechanically actuated means for releasing the loose wheels from the said electrically controlled means at a predetermined point, means upon each loose wheel for closing stationary switches a predetermined number of times for each cbmplete revolution of the said loose Wheels, whereby an electrical circuit is completed to a magnetic coil, means actuated by the said magnetic coil for causing the loose wheels of an adjacent cylinder to revolve one tenth of a complete revolution, whereby the 1st mentioned cylinder is caused to carry to the next digit.

4. In a computing machine, the combination of a plurality of digit cylinders, each including nine disks, each disk having a Wheel which is secured to a common sleeve, the said sleeve being adapted to be driven in either direction from a source of power,

a loose wheel for each disk, all loose wheels in a given cylinder being adapted to operate in unison, electrically controlled means for causing the loose wheels of the disks to revolve as a unit with the fixed wheels, mechanically actuated means for releasing the loose wheels from the said electrically controlled means at a predetermined point, means upon each loose wheel for closing stationary switches a, predetermined number of times for each complete revolution of the said loose wheel, whereby an electrical circuit is completed to a magnetic coil, means actuated by the said magnetic coil for'causing the loose wheels of an adjacent cylinder to revolve one-tenth of a complete revolution, manually operated circuit selecting means, whereby various combinations of circuits may be built up, mechanically operated means for closing contact switches in the last mentioned circuits apredetermined number of times, whereby the last mentioned cylinder is caused to carry to the next digit.

SHOHEI IYESAKA. 

